An modh ordaitheach (imperative)
This is the imperative, or "order form", of the verb. However, in other languages, you would expect an order form to only really apply in the 2nd person, both singular and plural (Clean! Stop! Eat!). This is the "primary imperative". Irish also has a "secondary imperative", that are rendered in English as _Let us..., He should..., _etc.
First conjugation
First person singular (synthetic form) - this is identical to the aimsir fháistineach:
<verb root> + (a)im
Second person singular (synthetic form) - this is just the root of the verb:
<verb root>
First person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)imis
Second person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)igí
Third person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)idís
All other subjects:
<verb root> + (e)adh + <pronoun>
Autonomous:
<verb root> + t(e)ar
Subject | mol | cuir | reáchtáil | tiomáin |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st pers singular | molaim | cuirim | reáchtálaim | tiomáinim |
2nd pers singular | mol | cuir | reáchtáil | tiomáin |
3rd pers singular | moladh sé/sí | cuireadh sé/sí | reáchtáladh sé/sí | tiomáineadh sé/sí |
1st pers plural | molaimis | cuirimis | reáchtálaimis | tiomáinimis |
2nd pers plural | molaigí | cuirigí | reáchtálaigí | tiomáinigí |
3rd pers plural | molaidís | cuiridís | reáchtálaidís | tiomáinidís |
Autonomous | moltar | cuirtear | reáchtáiltear | tiomáintear |
Note that the autonomous form of the present tense of reáchtáil keeps the slender final consonant of the root, instead of changing it like the other conjugations.
Second conjugation
First person singular (synthetic form) - this is identical to the aimsir fháistineach:
<verb root> + (a)ím
Second person singular (synthetic form) - this is just the root of the verb:
<verb root>
First person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)ímis
Second person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)ígí
Third person plural (synthetic form):
<verb root> + (a)ídís
All other subjects:
<verb root> + -(a)íodh + <pronoun>
Autonomous:
<verb root> + -(a)ítear
Subject | ceannaigh | cruinnigh | labhair | imir |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st pers singular | ceannaím | cruinním | labhraím | imrím |
2nd pers singular | ceannaigh | cruinnigh | labhair | imir |
3rd pers singular | ceannaíodh sé/sí | cruinníodh sé/sí | labhraíodh sé/sí | imríodh sé/sí |
1st pers plural | ceannaímis | cruinnímis | labhraímis | imrímis |
2nd pers plural | ceannaígí | cruinnígí | labhraígí | imrígí |
3rd pers plural | ceannaídís | cruinnídís | labhraídís | imrídís |
Autonomous | ceannaítear | cruinnítear | labhraítear | imrítear |